Everyone involved with medicine, health sciences, or scientific research has had at least a little relationship with the AMA (American Medical Association) format. No one is exactly thrilled about learning citation styles, but proper referencing is non-negotiable when it comes to academic writing. Mess it up, and your credibility will take an instant hit.
This article will walk you through everything there is to know about the AMA citation format. By the end of this guide, you'll be a master of in-text numbering, crafting the perfect reference list, and everything in between. Plus, you’ll find a quick AMA citation example as well.
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Getting to Know AMA Citation Style
You can't escape the AMA citation if you're working on medical or scientific research. This style keeps your writing organized, reliable, and easy to track, which is exactly how professional writing must be. AMA style relies on a numbered system - every source gets a superscript number in the text. Unlike the ASA format, which lists sources alphabetically, this style keeps them in the order they appear. This is how the AMA style works:
- In-text citations: Sources are numbered in superscript Arabic numerals (¹,²,³) within the text.
- Reference list citations: Full source details appear in numerical order at the end of the paper.


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AMA General Formatting
Sloppy formatting is a headache for everyone. First of all, no professor enjoys scrambling to find sources you've used in your paper. However, the consequences might be a bit more severe than that: you don't want to write an A+ paper and then lose the well-needed points because you listed sources alphabetically instead of in the order of appearance. Follow these rules to make sure your writing is well-organized:
- Font: Stick to Times New Roman or Arial, size 12.
- Spacing: Keep everything double-spaced, except for block quotes and references.
- Margins: Set 1-inch margins all around.
- Page Numbers: Upper-right corner.
- Title Page: Include your title, author name, institution, and word count.
- Headings: Keep them bold or in title case, but don’t go overboard with styling.
- References: Number them sequentially as they appear in the text.

If you're still a little confused about how exactly your paper should be structured, keep reading and take a look at the AMA citation example. And if you ever find yourself thinking, 'I just need someone to write my dissertation without formatting issues,' EssayPro's professional academic help is always just a few clicks away.
Key Components of AMA Citation Format
You probably won't wake up thrilled to sit down and format your citations, but you'll still need to do it if you want your research to be taken seriously. The AMA citation format is necessary for giving credit where credit is due and making sure the reader can easily track down your sources. Citations have two most important components: in-text citations and the reference list. Let's take a closer look at how each of them must be written.
In-Text Citations
The AMA in-text citation keeps your writing clean and clutter-free. There's no need for you to write lengthy author-date citations; just a small superscript number that connects to your reference list will do.
Reference List
The reference list at the end of your paper must be more detailed. This section gives the reader everything they might need to easily track your sources down. As we mentioned, the AMA style lists sources in the order they appear in your work.

Detailed AMA Citation Formats
AMA essay format things are simple. We've already covered how in-text citations and the reference list must be built. But don't let that simplicity fool you! You'll have to follow a different set of rules for each different source you use.
Books
Books are still academic goldmines, regardless of how digital our lives become. Depending on whether you're citing a single author, multiple ones, an editor, or just one chapter, there are different guidelines to follow.
Journals
Journal articles are very commonly used in academic papers, and the AMA style makes sure each author is properly credited for their research.
Miscellaneous
Not everything you write in your paper will come from a book or a journal. Modern research pulls from everywhere, so there might come a time when you need to cite a YouTube video or even a podcast. AMA has got you covered regardless of where your information comes from.
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The Final Check
By now, you should have got AMA citations down to a science. You know you must use superscript numbers for your in-text citations and that your reference list plays by its own numerical rules. You've got the tools to properly cite each source, regardless of whether it's from a website, journal, or that obscure government bulletin buried in PDF form. So, now it's time to sit down and actually start writing!
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FAQ
What is AMA Citation?
AMA citation is a referencing style developed by the American Medical Association for citing sources in medical and scientific writing.
What Does an AMA Reference List Look Like?
The reference list is numerically ordered, with the sources listed in the same order they appear in the text. Each entry must include the author's name, article or book title, journal name (if applicable), volume and issue number, publication year, and page numbers. Here's an example:
- Vaughn J, Adams R. Advances in robotic surgery. J Med Sci. 2023;45(3):215-227.
Is AMA and APA the Same?
No. APA (American Psychology Association) is primarily used in social sciences and follows an author-date citation system. AMA is used for medical and scientific writing and uses numbered in-text citations with a corresponding numerical reference list.

Daniel Parker
is a seasoned educational writer focusing on scholarship guidance, research papers, and various forms of academic essays including reflective and narrative essays. His expertise also extends to detailed case studies. A scholar with a background in English Literature and Education, Daniel’s work on EssayPro blog aims to support students in achieving academic excellence and securing scholarships. His hobbies include reading classic literature and participating in academic forums.
- Desk, H. R. (n.d.). Research Guides: AMA Citation Style: Journals. Guides.himmelfarb.gwu.edu. https://guides.himmelfarb.gwu.edu/AMA/journals
- Research Guides: AMA Style (11th ed): Citing Your Sources: Reference List. (2020). Usc.edu. https://libguides.usc.edu/c.php?g=1029472&p=8076397
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